Definition and Examples of the Straw Man Fallacy

The straw man is a  fallacy in which an opponents argument is overstated or misrepresented in order to be more easily attacked or refuted. The technique often takes quotes out of context or, more often, incorrectly paraphrases or summarizes an opponents position. Then after defeating the position, the attacker claims to have beaten the real thing. Although the term straw man is a recent coinage, the concept is ancient. In the Topics, Aristotle acknowledges that in argument it would be inappropriate to interpret as someones position an opinion that he did not express or is not committed to, in virtue of what he said, according to Douglas Walton in Methods of Argumentation. The name of the fallacy represents the idea that although a straw man may look like a human, it wont put up any resistance in a fight. The straw man fallacy also goes by the name Aunt Sally, particularly in Great Britain. Straw Man in Commercials Commercials make use of straw man fallacies. In the famous Wheres the beef? Wendys restaurant advertising campaign, the commercials exaggerate the tiny amount of meat that other chains use in their burgers to show how much bigger and better its burgers are. Straw Man in Politics Straw man has always been the stock-in-trade of advertisers and political smear campaigns, illustrates authors Nancy Cavender and Howard Kahane in their book Logic and Contemporary Rhetoric. A group called Common Sense Issues made a million automated phone calls to voters in the 2008 South Carolina primaries claiming that John McCain has voted to use unborn babies in medical research. This was a gross distortion of his position to support research on stem cells gathered from embryos. During the 2016 presidential campaign, Donald Trump claimed that Hillary Clinton was for open borders. He took a comment out of context from a speech she gave to a Brazilian bank about trade and energy to twist it into a statement that preyed on some peoples fears of increased undocumented immigration. He claimed she wanted people to be able to enter the border without going through any kind of process at all, which she said was not true. His sound-bite distortion likely had an effect on voters, as immigration was a big issue in the campaign, and his repetition of the claim was easier to remember than her stances about nuances in the complex issue. Sometimes people morph the straw man into a warning about a slippery slope where allowing one side to win would put humanity on a course of destruction. Any time someone begins an attack with So youre saying we should all just... or Everyone knows..., you can bet a straw man is coming, wrote author David McRaney in the book, You Are Not So Smart. Straw men can also be born out of ignorance. If someone says, Scientists tell us we all come from monkeys, and thats why I homeschool, this person is using a straw man, because science doesnt say we all come from monkeys. Countering the Straw Man To refute a straw man attack during a debate, point out the fallacy and how it is incorrect. If you ignore it, and the attacker keeps harping on it, the real issue could get buried in the straw. If you try and defend what the opponent said is your position, it gets increasingly difficult to show how the opponent distorted your views. Sources Cavender, Nancy and Howard Kahane. Logic and Contemporary Rhetoric. 12th ed., Wadsworth, 2014. McRaney, David. You Are Not So Smart.  Gotham Books, 2011. Walton, Douglas. Methods of Argumentation. Cambridge University Press, 2013.

macbeth plot analysis - 727 Words

01.08 Macbeth Plot Analysis Graphic Organizer Plot Elements Element Definition Act in the Play Exposition: The beginning of the play in which the characters and settings are introduced and initial conflicts are also presented. Act 1 Rising Action: The point of the play in which the initial story gets more complicated and the conflict is more revealed. Act 2 Climax: The highest point and also the turning point of the story in which many of the initial situations change. Act 3 Falling Action: The point of the story in which the conflicts and complications start to get resolved. Act 4 Resolution: The conclusion part of the story in which the outcomes of the story are†¦show more content†¦Banquo and Donalbain! Malcolm! awake! Shake off this downy sleep, death’s counterfeit, And look on death itself! up, up, and see The great doom s image! Malcolm! Banquo!† 2. This event is the rising action in which the conflict is more complicated sets up the chain events for the climax action to occur. Also the killing of King Duncan will allow Macbeth to be the King and foreshadows his will to commit more murders. Event Text Support Why is it important to the story? 3. After the Killing of the King, Macbeth worries a lot about the revelations of his actions and Lady Macbeth is trying to cheer and stop worrying, but his fear of the witches’ prophecy about Banquo’s desire to seize the throne makes Macbeth gather a group to murder him. 3. Lady Macbeth tells Macbeth to stop thinking about the things which cannot be changed: â€Å" Things without all remedy should be without regard.† Also after the killing of Bonquo, Macbeth is paranoid and behaves strangely: â€Å" Thou canst not say I did it: never shake thy gory locks at me.† 3. The importance of this event is the evidence of the previous foreshadowings of Macbeth’s ambitions of power which has brought him higher ambitions such as murdering the ones who disagree with him or doubt his loyalty. Reflection Choose one of the events you added to your graphic organizer and think about why it is an important piece of the plot. FocusShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Macbeth Essay912 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of Macbeth Macbeth, is one of the greatest tragedy plays written by William Shakespeare. It is a rather short play with a major plot that we had to follow it carefully to understand its significance. The play is a tragedy about evil rising to power, which ends up corrupting the main characters Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. In the opening of the play Macbeth is introduced to the audience as Thane of Glamis and is respected. The witches also play a major part in theRead MoreDiscrepancies and Similarities between Shakespeares The Tragedy of Macbeth and History816 Words   |  4 Pagessequence of events. The Tragedy of Macbeth displays Macbeth, a zealous thane, and his successful homicide which results in his succession of the throne and his downfall. Each of The Tragedy of Macbeth by William Shakespeare and history has discrepancies as well as similarities between its characters, settings, and plot events. One element that varies and coincides between Shakespeare’s Macbeth and its historical account is the characters. According to Shakespeare, Macbeth has a right to the throne throughRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Shakespeare s Macbeth1383 Words   |  6 PagesCharacter Analysis of Macbeth One of Shakespeare’s most notable works is The Tragedy of Macbeth. The plot revolves around the consequences of the actions made by the character Macbeth. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of The Tragedy of Macbeth along with a detailed analysis of Macbeth the character, including his traits, motives, and his historical counterpart. Written in 1606, the opening scene of The Tragedy of Macbeth begins with a brief appearance of three witches who appearRead MoreDelhi Metro1656 Words   |  7 PagesShakespeare 4 Kidz MACBETH Rumbling Thunder sets the mood for the opening of the show. Three figures emerge from the shadows. They are three Witches – or Weird Sisters – foretellers of the future (The Opening). They look forward to meeting Macbeth. At King Duncan’s camp near Forres, a wounded sergeant tells of Macbeth’s heroics in battles against Macdonald and the rebels, while Ross reports that King Sweno of Norway and the traitorous Thane of Cawdor have also been defeated by Macbeth. The witches waitRead MoreAnalysis of William Shakespeares Macbeth and Its Historical Background1283 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of William Shakespeares Macbeth and Its Historical Background I have recently been studying Macbeth, a well-known play by William Shakespeare. In this essay I am going to analyse the play and its historical background. I will also look at the factors that influenced Shakespeare when he was writing the play such as James I, the new king of England and Scotland, how he detested witches, and how Shakespeare manipulated that knowledge. Furthermore, I will be examiningRead MoreA Character Comparison of Macbeth and Prospero from Shakespeares Macbeth and The Tempest676 Words   |  3 PagesThese two Shakespearean characters, Macbeth and Prospero, from Macbeth and The Tempest can greatly compare to one another. From the very beginning, these two men are hard to understand and seem like your average warrior and ruler. Both of these characters are dealing with struggle of power; however, they both deal with this issue in different, interesting ways with different results. At the end of these two plays, we meet two entirely different characters than the ones that we were introduced toRead MoreBanquo1269 Words   |  6 Pagescharacter in William Shakespeares 1606 play Macbeth. In the play, he is at first an ally to Macbeth and they are together when they meet the Three Witches. After prophesying that Macbeth will become king, the witches tell Banquo that he will not be king himself, but th at his descendants will be. Later, Macbeth in his lust for power sees Banquo as a threat and has him murdered; Banquos son, Fleance, escapes. Banquos ghost returns in a later scene, causing Macbeth to react with alarm during a public feastRead MoreResponse to Sexuality, Witchcraft and Violence in Macbeth by Dennis Biggins1613 Words   |  7 PagesEH 304 Late Shakespeare 10/10/2011 â€Å"Sexuality, Witchcraft, and Violence in Macbeth, by Dennis Biggins Summary: In this article, Biggins focuses on several themes, both obvious and discreet, within the plot of Macbeth. Biggins disputes other critics opinions that sexuality has little thematic importance in Macbeth, stating that the play is immersed in sexuality through both violent and mystical indications. Other critics refer to the play as the purest of Shakespeare s tragedies,Read MoreUnsex Me Here Macbeth Analysis Essay642 Words   |  3 PagesScene Analysis: Macbeth Act 1 Scene 5 Act 1, Scene 5 is a soliloquy spoken by Lady Macbeth after she has read her husbands letter, and when she knows from the messenger that the king will be arriving that night. The raven himself is hoarse That croaks the fatal entrance of Duncan Under my battlements. Come, you spirits That tend on mortal thoughts! Unsex me here, And fill me from the crown to the toe top-full Of direst cruelty; make thick my blood, Stop up the access and passage to remorseRead MoreAnalysis Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1659 Words   |  7 PagesHonors 9 November 2015 Macbeth Essay The theme of tragedy appears in various amounts of movies, literature, and plays which provided entertainment for people throughout the years. Movies and plays such as â€Å"The Titanic† and â€Å"Romeo Juliet† gave audiences a pang of sadness and amusement as the story line unraveled. Notably, the prevalence of the theme occurs in Shakespearean plays such as the tale of Macbeth which displays Aristotle’s definition of tragedy. The play Macbeth lives up to Aristotle’s

Morality and Law Free Essays

We begin this essay with a word about freedom- it is cherished by those who possess it and yearned for by those who have yet to experience it.   Nonetheless, freedom carries with it a high level of responsibility- perhaps not only to follow the letter of the law, but also to pursue one’s freedom with some level of civility or morality.   Therein lies the paradox- where should the line, if any, be drawn between morality and law. We will write a custom essay sample on Morality and Law or any similar topic only for you Order Now    In this essay, several controversial topics which toe the line between legality and morality will be presented and discussed in the hopes of drawing some valid conclusions about this issue. Drugs If it is safe to say that legally prescribed and utilized drugs are accepted by all but the most staunch of religious zealots, it is also safe to say that illegally prescribed drugs, street drugs and the abuse of any drug is considered immoral, but not by all.   In some parts of the world, certain drugs that would land someone in jail in other nations are legally and socially accepted.  Ã‚   This fact in itself brings to light an interesting perspective on the issue of morality and law- how closely related is law and morality? In the case of drugs, the relationship seems to be somewhat disjointed in some instances, because illegal drugs are quite literally one of the largest industries in the â€Å"civilized world†.   This can be interpreted as proof that everything that is illegal is not necessarily viewed as immoral as well as a clear example of the dynamic between the expression of freedom and the violation of the rights of others, for any freedom, if it harms innocent people through its exercise, needs to be reevaluated for the common good (Peach, 2002). Alcohol When speaking of alcohol, the very topic is in itself enigmatic; for all intents and purposes, alcohol can be classified as a drug because of its ability to alter the senses, distort perceptions, and attract the abuser into a spiral of addiction.   However, it is considered by the vast majority of the world to be a legal drug, which is to say that it is legal for those of established age to buy, sell, and use alcohol. When left to one’s own devices, the use, purchase or sale of alcohol can be illegal; for example, the operation of motor vehicles while under the influence of alcohol is illegal, as is the sale/purchase of it to/by underage or visibly impaired individuals. Additionally, any use of alcohol is considered morally wrong by many religious/ethical groups.   Therefore, in alcohol, we see the embodiment of the morality/legality argument- some things are legal in some cases, illegal in others, but also reviled in many circles in any circumstance (Peach, 2002). Prostitution Regarded as the world’s oldest profession, prostitution in one form or another has existed since there has been something of value for which one human being could offer sexual favors to another.   In the 21st century, we see a world where prostitution is legal in some nations/parts of nations, and illegal in others.   In the nations where it is legal, it would be assumed that this is so due to the moral tolerance of the masses to allow such a practice.   In a nation like the United States, where very few states allow prostitution, a moral divide exists between advocates and opponents.   Therefore, an interesting point emerges- the possibility that in many cases, societal norms dictate the letter of the law.   When the majority opposes or supports something, or takes no action either way, laws, it can be said, reflect the will of the majority itself (Peach, 2002). Pornography Pornography is yet another illustration of the will of the people to dictate the law, but with a twist- very few people publicly support pornography as something which is good for the general society, yet it is allowed to exist as something legal in many jurisdictions as long as certain universal rules are not violated, such as the use of children in pornography, abuse of innocent victims, etc. In this instance, it is likely that the tolerance of pornography as something legal, yet immoral has as much to do with the pursuit of money on the part of those who benefit financially from pornography as it does with the prurient interests of the public at large.   People who wish to have something immoral because they like it are often times more prone to ignore the bigger picture of the detriment to society that something like pornography represents. Domestic Violence Violence against one’s own family members is illegal/immoral in some societies, and not in others- why is this so?   The main reason is associated with religious beliefs.   In theocratic nations, where religious leaders dictate policy and law, there are those cases where the abuse of a wife by a husband, for example, is tolerated if the husband feels it necessary, whereas the abuse of children is almost universally reviled (Peach, 2002).   An interesting point emerges in this situation- the power of morality in some cases to shape the word of law. Conclusion In this essay, we have seen that morality and law are in some cases exclusive of each other, related in others.   Still further, each of these in some situations can overpower the other due to societal norms, religion, etc.   Whatever the case, in conclusion, one point has become abundantly clear based upon this research- morality cannot always be legislated, nor will morality always make the best laws.   Perhaps the issue of freedom, which began the essay, is a fitting final word- without freedom, the human race suffers, but with it, suffering can also become rampant.   It is the responsibility of the people of the world to exercise freedom-with restraint. References Peach, L. (2002). Legislating Morality: Pluralism and Religious Identity in Lawmaking. New York: Oxford University Press. How to cite Morality and Law, Essay examples

The New Accounting Issues New Trends in Accounting

Question: Discuss about theNew Accounting Issuesfor New Trends in Accounting. Answer: Introduction This paper aims to analyze the new lease obligation, and the new revenue recognition requirements with their rationale. It also looks at the role of stewardship accounting on the public institution, the significant of International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the reasons behind Australian adoption of IFRS o its local authorities. It productively evaluates the contributions of Stewardship accounting to the public offices. From the study, the IASB has a significant role to play in economies. The notion of cartels in the programs of IASB should not hamper its objectives. Australia has achieved significant from the implementation of IFRS in its system, thus should embrace adoption of the standards to improve equity and surplus capacity. The Current Lease Obligation Australia is on the verge to adopt the new discussed lease rules as contained in the new revenue standard IFRS 16. The country has placed measures to facilitate the implementation of the new trend in the accounting system. The accounting practices are aimed to remain uniform and similar in concepts. The new program has to be effective beginning 2019. The new lease recording will factor contracts in the balance sheet for the record, apart from short-term and low-value leases. The new trends on lessee account recognize an obligation on the lease liability by lessees to pay for the use of an asset (Carson et al. 2016). The determination of the commitment value is at the start of the trading period. During the payment of the liability cost, the considered issues are; Fixed payments arrived at after deducting lease incentives Payment amount by the lessee as outlined in the residual value guarantee Price determined on the purchase option The needed are above listed requirements for the first phase of measuring lease liability in the company. After finding the obligation on contract liability, the reflection of the lease payments and duties through the application of standard AASB 116. The requirements of the AASB 116 outlines the depreciation value on the use of property. The new trends allow for the adjustments of the lease liability that happen due to the depreciation expense on the asset. The aggregation of the interest on the asset depreciation earns interest expense on the lease liability (Carson et al. 2016). Upon re-measuring the contract liability, adjusting other factors, the recording of the changes in the outcome as an adjustment on asset usage. In the balance sheet, the lease assets and liabilities are recorded separately from the primary assets and liabilities. Or they are registered in the notes different with other particulars. The separate recording also involves depreciation on expenses and interests . The Implications of the New Lease Obligations Application of the new contract regulations will have the following consequences in Australian firms; Treatment of operational contract as a separate recording in the balance sheet. Therefore, treated as an expense without being eliminated in the balance sheet (Carson et al. 2016). Through the use of a single model, operating lease also will get covered in the statement. The use of a single model will require firms to record liabilities attached to lease payment and intangible assets within the period of trading (Carson et al. 2016). Consequently, all contract's treatments treated are as a capital lease. Rentals of 12 months and below will not be relevant for the financial statements. However, the treatment of the rest regardless of the form of the contract. The primary concern of the new trend is the requirement of lessees to recognize its lease liabilities. In the process of identifying a lease liability, the current balance sheet may appear unappealing. The Rationale Behind the New Trend The main point of the new trend is to improve transparency and accountability in the reporting of leases in the books of accounts. The current contract trend does not capture concepts on the operational lease. Therefore, it recorded operational contract on the executive agreement, not on the balance sheet but in the commitment note. Another important reason demonstrates the need to have a single model that reports all the leases and other particulars of the company. Using a straight line system will help in decision making by having finance and operating leases on a single accounting model (Carson et al. 2016). The importance of universality of the new trends is dwelling on the dynamism when dealing with emerging accounting issues which must globally. The New Trend on Revenue Collection IFRS 15 stands for the views of both International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) and Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) of US. The new obligation contains the identification stage of the contract, recognition of separate performance obligations, determination of the price, allocation of the price to a contractual obligation, and finally recognition of revenue once an obligation has been satisfied. Among the industries affected by the new requirement are real estate and construction. The new revenue recognition covers the areas; Revenue Recognition over a Given Time and at a Point of Time In the vendor contract, the seller is required to honor the income at the completion of the contract not over the end time of the deal. The recognition is applicable if there is no law enforcing the vendor to get payment over a work completed to date. Measurement of Progress Toward Completion The method used is either output or input. In case, the preferred method is input then resources used should not relate to the performance of the vendor. For example; there is no inclusion of mobilization fees in the model of calculating costs incurred. However, in the charge captured there is an exception because of customer's mobilization over the period of the contract. Contracts' Bundling and Unbundling The done procedure may demand to put deals in a bundle or unbundle the bundled contracts. The right way is determined depending on the contract's obligation performance. Cost of a Contract Values the extra charge only. The rest are amortized and capitalized. Explicit and Implicit Categories Covers the cash receipts with different timing to revenue recognition probably over a year. Such scenario demands determination of finance income or finance expenses. The Rationale Behind New Revenue Obligation The importance of revenue to investors in evaluating business performance is one of the reasons behind new trends. Due to inconsistencies over the recognition of income brought by principles designed by Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and IFRS. The global accounting bodies; GAAP and IFRS saw the need to have the standard guidelines on revenue recognition. The common standards created a framework more elaborate to address revenue issues. Another factor was the need to provide users with useful information on statements through the usage of relevant disclosure requirements and finally simplifying the financial statement preparation by reducing requirements. The Role of Accounting in Stewardship of Public Funds Accounting plays vital roles in the management of public funds. The local government authorities perfect their control by the help of accounting guidelines described by IFRS. If whatever demonstrated in Murphy's article is true then I agree with the view that there will be a failure in the management of funds in public institutions. The Reasons for a Failure in the Administration of Funds of Local Authorities The management of public funds is more of a reporting system that requires recording particulars in the books of accounts for evaluation at the end of operating period. To effectively report accurate and reliable figures, accounting has been the center of funds management in the public sector. Politicians hold most of the public offices. These are guys who channel funds through the government to the public agencies with different targets. The rate of corruptions in public sector denounces the removal of IFRS regulations on the stewardship of the funds in local institutions. The Main Reasons Behind the Support of Stewardship Accounting Accountability Stewardship accounting ensures good governance by promoting accountability through efficient and procedural management of transitionary activities in an institution. It also entails reliable recording (Carson et al. 2016). The whole process requires a trained and qualified personnel with vast skills and knowledge to detect discrepancies and curb loopholes leading to funding misappropriation. To ascertain propriety and conformity of the transactions happening in the institutions accounting is applied. The Established rules and regulations are used by accountants to check the consistency between allocated amount and the expenditure. It is appropriate to take an action if an inconsistency is detected thus discouraging any intention to misuse funds in future. Planning The incorporation of accounting in the management of local institutions helps in planning purposes. The future of the organization is based on the current performances. When a company uses the current figures to predict the uncertainty in the future, it can sail through and efficiently succeed. It is the accounting that helps an organization to make such plans work, without it the planning is impossible. Controlling Accounting offers a basis for managing many activities of the business. If the managerial department fails to control the operations, strategically it cannot realize any goal. Therefore, accounts being a significant contributor, its elimination will leave managers with a shaky grounds to support effective control in the business. Decision Making The process of decision making is critical in an organization. Investors and other users depend on accounting information to know about the firm's operation. The accounting information plays crucial in the stages of decision making. Performance Appraisal Performance evaluation is a management activity that has to exist in a firm. Financial viability and probability can determine the best route to take for future growth. Thus performs requirement in the management sector of business. In general, removal of stewardship accounting will hinder public institution's performance due to the pillar roles it offers to the sector. The Claim Against IASB The complaint in the sentence is not realistic. The global accounting world is only universally demonstrated through the IFRS. IASB helps the countries to have guidelines and standards to meet during operation. At the end of a financial year, the stakeholders of the company and other users depend on the financial statement to make concrete and projective decisions. The body has contributed positively to ensuring that the countries' in their practice do not have different financial statement concepts. It also does research on the current global issues that have an effect on the existing regulations (Zeff 2016). IASB ensures full discretion of IFRS and helps in developing new standards that can help accounting achieve its transparency and accountability value. It assists in the issuance of IFRS to the countries. IASB works with an outlined standards contained in IFRS, thus it not easily manipulate the prescribed conditions. The Board does the research to at least understand the global dynamism that comes with new requirements. Global accounting cannot survive effectively without IASB taking full charge to monitor firms' regular performances on daily monthly of yearly basis. IASB facilitates the interpretation of the IFRS to firms. The following can happen at the expense of IASB; An exploitation of stakeholders by accountants. It is the role of IASB to regulate on the both current and new regulations and their implementation. Once firms realize that it's no longer functioning, a majority of the accounting department will manipulate the statements. Lack of universality. IASB champions the universal use of standards. Universal application of the obligations is a role of IASB (Zeff 2016). Some countries are not ready to follow global set standards due to their costs and complexity. If such a country gets a possibility of ignoring the guidelines on the preparation of the financial statement, they will happily welcome the idea. If there are cartels in the IASB, most countries will not pressurize their departments to adhere to regulations strictly; instead, they negatively manage the system by corrupting the body through paying some amount to operate on the free accounting system. Hinder transparency and accountability in firms. Cartels work best for their masters and self-interest. They don't consider the public even though they pretend to care (Zeff 2016). By using cartels, the Board will provide an assumptions cover on its duties though weak to ensure implementation of the regulations as contained in IFRS. Countries may sort for their on methods of application. Some can deliberately assume the defined conditions in the absence of a watchdog body to keep track on the commitments. Furthermore, most countries will violate the principles of accounting as outlined by IFRS. The principles are maintained only if the countries are watched and kept on track by IASB in coordination with the country Australian's Board of accounting. Reliability and accuracy, being the critical accounting practices are always cost-effective to achieve. They help investors with genuine information on the business customer base. Once ignored, the business future is indeterminate, a possibility that discourages users from trusting companies. Some entities give wrong information in the market to lure investors and buy more shares in the market. Thereby take part in control of the market's production capacity. The provision of wrong information is a misleading practice enjoyed by companies though discouraged by IASB. In such an incident, a firm does not represent the real things it controls but fabricates on activities. Such a market kills investors and stakeholders, though managers and accountants benefit unprofessionally. Therefore, IASB collaboration with cartels is a non-issue that should not brainwash the mind of society by believing. The Facts Supporting Adoption of IFRS Regulations by Australian Local Authorities Australia should adopt the IFRS in its local authorities. The International Financial Regulations and Standards has impacts on Australian local government. It has an impact on the surpluses, equity, assets and liabilities within the local public government. Countries implementing the use of IFRS by the public institutions are enjoying various advantages over unwilling countries. The benefits circulate transparency and accountability, the effectiveness of the system, reliability of the information, linkage of the practices and actions and materiality (Glassford et al. 2016). The debate over usage of IFRS on local institutions paralyzed some country's desire to adopt the requirement. The infrastructural system of Australia has benefited most from the IFRS. The sectors have effectively ensured appropriate allocation and use of resources to build roads, bridges, and parks. The preparation of financial statements lenient to the standards of accounting perfected the public sectors development's objectives. Though implementation of IFRS is complex, Australian government successfully ironed differences between its accounting standards as outlined by AASB to rhyme with the IFRS requirements. The adoption of IFRS in the country helped to capture areas such as Property Plan and Equipment (PPE), intangible assets and the written value of property sold. The areas are so critical to an economy that their streamlining generates more revenue and cost to the government. From the results obtained by the country since 2005 to date, the country though experiencing challenges using IFRS in local authorities, it has improved its revenue collection transparency. The claim is evident in the equity and surplus reports. The small scale sectors have to some capacity realized reduced surplus with increased capital a concept almost similar in big organizations (Glassford et al. 2016). In the reconciliation books, the comparison of the two standards; ASSB and IFRS, shows some slight differences in the surplus and equity accounts. The outline vote heads such as amortization, depreciation, employee benefits among others in the IFRS with a noted improvement in assets in local authorities. In the large public sectors, the use of IFRS has contributed to the growth in both the surplus and assets. The debt capacity of local governments has reduced to a significant percentage as revenue collection rises (Carson et al. 2016). The contribution the country has been achieving from the adoption of IFRS is significant to the country's performance. It outlines real figures and accounts for all activities through financial books. Evidently, it is the rationale for the Australia to adopt the IFRS. References Carson, E., Fargher, N. and Zhang, Y., 2016. Trends in Auditor Reporting in Australia: A Synthesis and Opportunities for Research. Australian Accounting Review, 26(3), pp.226-242. Glassford, N.J., French, C.J., Bailey, M., Mrtensson, J., Eastwood, G.M. and Bellomo, R., 2016. Changes in intravenous fluid use patterns in Australia and New Zealand: evidence of research translating into practice. Critical care and resuscitation: journal of the Australasian Academy of Critical Care Medicine, 18(2), pp.88-88. Zeff, S.A., 2016. Forging accounting principles in five countries: A history and an analysis of trends. Routledge.

Whitman Essays - Assassination Of Abraham Lincoln, Leaves Of Grass

Whitman Walt Whitman was looked upon as the forerunner of 20th Century poetry, praising democracy, and becoming a proclaimed poet of American democracy. He was known as the "Son of Long Island," and he loved his country and everything about it. (Current, Williams, Freidel- page 292-293). Whitman lived during the time of the Civil War; a fact that increased his patriotism. Whitman was considered one of the most important American Poets of the 19th Century. (Encyclopedia of World Biography- page 249). He influenced the direction of 20th Century poets such as Erza Pound, William Carlos Williams, Carlos Sandberg, and Allen Ginsberg. Whitman praised democracy and spoke of the flesh as well as the spirit. (Encyclopedia of Biography- page 249). He rejected the normal rhyme and meter of poetry and wrote in free verse, relying on Native American language. In general, Whitman's poetry is idealistic and romantic. Whitman identified strongly with the outcasts of society. He said to one outcast, "Not till the sun excludes you do I exclude you." (Lowen, Nancy- page 11) People hailed him as the most authentic voice of the United States of America. Edgar Allen Poe had said, "The vitality and variety of his life was the mere reflection of the vitality and variety of the United States of America." Walter Whitman was born into a family of nine children and he had a rough childhood. The Whitman family first settled in the Huntington area by the middle of the seventeenth century. This helped him to write two of the world's greatest literary works, "There was a Child Went Forth" and "Song to Myself." (Lowen, Nancy- page 6). "There was a Child Went Forth" was about his siblings and his childhood. Out of nine children, only four survived to live to old age. He spoke of how his siblings died and how it affected his family. Whitman had one sibling who was insane, one who was severely retarded, one who died at infancy, one who died of alcoholism, one who died of tuberculosis, and one who fought and almost died in the Civil War. These things directly effected the writing of this poem. (Lowen, Nancy- page 6). "Song to Myself" spoke of his childhood and how it directly affected the fact that he was going to reject the norm, how he did not care about what people thought about him, and his work. "Song of Myself," was considered Whitman's greatest. It was a lyric poem told through the joyful experiences of the narrator. Sometimes the narrator was the poet himself. (Lowen, Nancy- page 6). In other passages, "I" speaks for the human race, the universe, or a specific character, which was dramatized. Like all Whitman's major poems, "Song of Myself" contained symbols. For example, in the poem he described grass as a symbol of life "the babe of vegetation," "the handkerchief of the Lord." Whitman praised God and nature. He exposed his gentle nature to his fellow man, and in doing so expressed his love of the world. This was a love he grew up with and carried with him everywhere he went. Whitman loved Long Island and it became a major part of his works. (Webster, Orville III- page 122). He held various jobs throughout his life. He was a printing apprentice, journalist, editor, and school teacher. Walt Whitman sold his first story to "The Democratic Review" shortly after leaving his teaching job. This publication was known to pirate literature from Europe to save money, but it also printed the works of Poe, Lowell, Whittier, Hawthorne, as well as other well-known American lyricists. (Webster Orville III- page 123). It was this publication which gave Whitman his first break as a professional writer. The editor of "The Democratic Review," John L. O'Sullivan, was so impressed with Whitman and his work, he bought at least three more stories from Whitman that very same autumn for the magazine. He also gave Whitman a job writing political speeches for Tammany Hall Democrats. When Whitman turned 19, he took an apprenticeship at a local paper. Later he founded the weekly newspaper, the Long-Islander. He wrote, printed, and delivered his paper himself. Then, he became a school teacher. These factors would later aid him in publishing his own work, especially his first book of poems, Leaves of Grass in 1855. (Encyclopedia of World Biography- pages 249-250). When Whitman compiled poems for his book, Leaves of Grass, he decided to become a revolutionary poet. He wrote only about his love for his country. This book was so unusual, no one would publish

The Nature of Equality as it Relates to the New Internet Culture essays

The Nature of Equality as it Relates to the New Internet Culture essays Human equality in the context of social and political institutions in human society is characterized to be more conservative and rigid when compared in the context of Internet culture and society. This claim is an illustration of how Internet as a new communication medium becomes an influential and pervasive tool wherein globalization is developed not only in Internet communities, but in human societies as well. The concept of globalization in the Internet culture is an adaptation of Marshall McLuhan's famous "global village," a concept he formed when he observed that the development of new media innovations such as the television, radio, telephone, and computers show an increase in the proliferation of information and interaction among people in various However, a more recent version of McLuhan's "global village" concept is the emergence of two important movements in the Internet culture: the emergence of both the globalization and localization processes among various people in the world, specifically the Internet users. In globalization, people from all over the globe become acquainted with the cultures of different societies, while localization gave way to the emergence of local cultures to become known not only to outsiders of that society, but to members of that society as well. These two movements show how Internet culture educates people about the cultures and kind of societies existing and available all over the world. How do globalization and localization of societies and cultures contribute to the development of equality in human society via the Internet culture' These concepts show how the Internet further intensifies equality by breaking the barriers that demarcate those peoples that have different nationalities and cultures. Becoming aware of other cultures and societies help people becomes understanding and more receptive to ...

About Robert A.M. Stern, Classically Postmodern

About Robert A.M. Stern, Classically Postmodern Hes been called a Postmodernist and also a New Urbanist. He may be a Modern Traditionalist and a New Classicist.   Robert A.M. Stern, certainly a Master Planner and architect/teacher of the 21st century, designs seemingly simple buildings that express affection for the past. Background: Born: May 23, 1939, New York City Full Name: Robert Arthur Morton Stern Education: 1960: Columbia, Bachelors degree1965: Yale, Masters degree in architecture Selected Buildings: 1990: Disney Beach Club Resort, Florida1990: Disney Yacht Club Resort, Florida1993: Norman Rockwell Museum, Stockbridge, Massachusetts1996: Disney Boardwalk Resort, Florida1998: Celebration Health, a healthcare facility for Celebration, Florida2003: The Museum Center, The Mark Twain House2004: Miami Beach Library, Miami Beach, Florida2005: Jacksonville Public Library, Florida2006: Federal Courthouse for Richmond, Virginia2008: 15 Central Park West, residential, NYC2008: International Quilt Study Center and Museum, University of Nebraska-Lincoln2010: One Museum Mile at 1280 Fifth Avenue atop the Museum for African Art, New York City2013: George W. Bush Presidential Center and Library, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas2016: 30 Park Place (formerly known as 99 Church Street), residential, Tribeca, NYC Product Design: The firm of Robert A.M. Stern Architects employs hundreds of architects, interior designers, and support staff. Product designs include furniture, lighting, fabrics, and other decorative household items. Visit Robert A.M. Stern Architects, LLP for information on product furnishings as well as an extensive display of architectural projects. Urban Planning: Although well-known for his house designs, Robert A.M. Stern has been involved in vast urban planning projects such as the 1992 renovation of 42nd Street theater block in New York City. Along with architect Jaquelin Robertson, Robert A.M. Stern was the master planner for Celebration, Florida. Other Works: Robert A.M. Stern has served as dean for the Yale School of Architecture since 1998. Stern has written or edited dozens of books about design, including the PBS television series and companion book Pride of Place: Building the American Dream. Books by Stern and Partners at Robert A.M. Stern Architects (RAMSA): Robert A. M. Stern: Houses and Gardens, Monacelli Press, 2005Robert A. M. Stern: Buildings Projects 2004-2009, Monacelli Press, 2009Robert A. M. Stern: Buildings and Projects 1999-2003, Monacelli Press, 2004Robert A. M. Stern Architects: Buildings and Projects 2010-2014, Monacelli Press, 2015Robert A. M. Stern: On Campus, Monacelli Press, 2010Designs for Living: Houses by Robert A. M. Stern Architects, Monacelli Press, 2014 Related People: After graduating from Yale, Stern briefly worked as a designer in the office of architect Richard Meier.Architect and urban designer Andres Duany once worked for Stern.Tom Piper of the Checkerboard Film Foundation made a documentary film in 2011 entitled Robert A.M Stern: 15 Central Park West and the History of the New York Apartment HouseBuy on Amazon Robert A.M. Stern Architects, LLP: RAMSA460 West 34th StreetNew York, NY 10001 Web Site:Robert A.M. Stern Architects, LLP About Robert A. M. Stern: New York architect Robert A. M. Stern takes history to heart. A postmodernist, he creates buildings that express affection for the past. Stern served on The Walt Disney Company Board of Directors from 1992 to 2003 and has designed many buildings for The Walt Disney Company. Robert A.M. Sterns Boardwalk at Disney World suggests an American seaside village from the early 20th century. The buildings illustrate the evolution of architectural styles from the Victorian to the Vienna Secessionist movement. The mini-village is not intended to be historically exact rather, it presents a dream-like walk past artifacts from several eras. There is an ice cream parlor, a piano bar, a 1930s dance hall, a vintage roller-coaster, and an authentic 1920s carousel. Across Crescent Lake from Boardwalk, the Yacht and Beach Club hotels were also designed by Robert A.M. Stern. The Yacht Club is modeled after Victorian Shingle architecture, a rustic yet elegant fashion on Americas Atlantic coast at the turn of the century. The Beach Club is an informal, sprawling wood structure which also reflects 19th century American resort architecture. When Stern envisioned the Casting Center, an employee training area on Route I-4 near Orlando, Florida, he wanted to express the spirit of Disney, and also to reflect the Florida locale. The result is a building that resembles a Venetian Palazzo, yet contains whimsical Disneyesque details. Hence, classical columns are topped with gold leaf Disney characters.